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November 29, 2008
Krauthammer Annoys My Inner Pedant
I don't normally read Charles Krauthammer, but Heather Hurlburt at Democracy Arsenal does, and she flagged this startling paragraph:
"In the old days -- from the Venetian Republic to, oh, the Bear Stearns rescue -- if you wanted to get rich, you did it the Warren Buffett way: You learned to read balance sheets. Today you learn to read political tea leaves. If you want to make money on Wall Street (or keep from losing your shirt), you do it not by anticipating Intel's third-quarter earnings but by guessing instead what side of the bed Henry Paulson will wake up on tomorrow."
Think about the first sentence. Krauthammer seems to be saying that whereas today we have to pay attention to politicians to get rich, back in the Olden Days people only had to read balance sheets. The whims of political leaders were, apparently, of no concern to them. Let's be nice to Krauthammer and assume that he's talking about the history of the US and Western Europe, and thus that it would not be fair to adduce the USSR or the later Qing dynasty as counterexamples.
Hurlburt notes that what Krauthammer says isn't true of the Venetian Republic. But the thing is: it isn't true of almost anywhere. It's like saying that from the time of the Venetian Republic until a few months ago, people enjoyed religious liberty or complete social mobility: it's not just false, but spectacularly false. I could pick any one of a large number of examples, but let's just stick to France under Louis XIV:
"During the reign of Louis XIV, competition for access to the spoils of government transformed the character of the French aristocracy. The great families of the realm had to establish residences in the capital or the court itself because the political and factional struggles between the king's courtiers often determined both major and minor economic decisions. Because seeking out royal patronage was more highly rewarded than staying in the provinces to oversee the local economy and local affairs, nobles moved to Paris and devoted themselves to competing for the unearned income handed out by the king. However, nobles needed to invest time and money to acquire the political information that would win them sinecures, posts in the Church, access to commercial or industrial patents of monopoly, or shares in tax farms (often using a false name or straw man). Like firms in the highly centralized nations of present-day Latin America, they had to move their offices to the capital at the expense of their provincial activities. Once transformed into courtiers, the nobility directed much of their activities toward gaining shares in short-term loans to the Crown and trying to persuade the government that the projects of their clients were best suited to national priorities. One hidden cost the mercantile economy had to bear was the extravagant court and social life of Paris, which by the time of Louis XVI consumed almost 6 percent of the state's revenues and an equally significant, but difficult to measure, proportion of private revenues. The calculation scarcely captures the full economic costs of the competition for privilege." (pp. 37-38)
An example of just how much control the King and his government exercised:
"Two of the most extreme examples of the suppression of innovation in France occurred shortly after the death of Colbert during the lengthy reign of Louis XIV. Button-making in France had been controlled by various guilds, depending on the material used, the most important part belonging to the cord- and button-makers' guild, who made cord buttons by hand. By the 1690s, tailors and dealers launched the innovation of weaving buttons from the material used in the garment. The outrage of the inefficient hand-button-makers brought the state leaping to their defence. In the late 1690s, fines were imposed on the production, sale, and even the wearing of the new buttons, and the fines were continually increased. The local guild wardens even obtained the right to search people's houses and to arrest anyone in the street who wore the evil and illegal buttons. In a few years, however, the state and the hand-button-makers had to give up the fight, since everyone in France was using the new buttons.
More important in stunting France's industrial growth was the disastrous prohibition of the popular new cloth, printed calicoes. Cotton textiles were not yet of supreme importance in this era, but cottons were to be the spark of the Industrial Revolution in eighteenth century England. France's strictly enforced policy made sure that cottons would not be flourishing there.
The new cloth, printed calicoes, began to be imported from India in the 1660s, and became highly popular, useful for an inexpensive mass market, as well as for high fashion. As a result, calico printing was launched in France. By the 1680s, the indignant woollen, cloth, silk and linen industries all complained to the state of 'unfair competition' by the highly popular upstart. The printed colours were readily outcompeting the older cloths. And so the French state responded in 1686 by total prohibition of printed calicoes: their import or their domestic production. In 1700, the French government went all the way: an absolute ban on every aspect of calicoes including their use in consumption. Government spies had a hysterical field day: 'peering into coaches and private houses and reporting that the governess of the Marquis de Cormoy had been seen at her window clothed in calico of a white back ground with big red flowers, almost new, or that the wife of a lemonade-seller had been seen in her shop in a casquin of calico'. Literally thousands of Frenchmen died in the calico struggles, either being executed for wearing calicoes or in armed raids against calico-users."
I don't think that counts as "getting rich the Warren Buffett way".
***
My best guess is that Krauthammer is doing something I recognize from reading undergraduate papers: saying something that he probably not only doesn't believe, but has scarcely even noticed, simply because it's a nice-sounding way to start a column. It's the same lazy mental habit that leads otherwise intelligent students to write opening sentences like: "Throughout history, philosophers have debated the morality of human cloning." Is this true? Obviously not. Does its truth or falsity play any role in their argument? No. Have they bothered to reflect at all on whether or not people were debating human cloning in, say, ancient Greece, or even Victorian England? No. They just need a suitably impressive-sounding opening sentence, and its actual content is of so little concern to them that they don't even notice its evident absurdity.
The thing is, though: they are students. What's Charles Krauthammer's excuse?
—Hilzoy 3:08 PM
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Krauthammer = Tales from the Crypt
I can't look at him without thinking that .
He always struck me as some one who was recently embalmed. See if you can look at him again without thinking that.
Posted by: John R on November 29, 2008 at 3:51 PM | PERMALINK
Krauthammer needs no excuse, he's in the pundit business, the print pundit business where one's statements are never challenged. He'll keep saying the same old thing, over and over, in his painfully predictable way, and he'll keep his job because...well, I don't know why he keeps his job, but he will.
And he's wrong about commerce in the Most Serene Republic. In the heyday of the Venetian empire, commerce and politics weren't so much intertwined as they were the same thing.
Posted by: jrw on November 29, 2008 at 4:06 PM | PERMALINK
Krazyhammer is just a silly man. He hides his silliness under a cloak of rage and indignation. Why anyone other than other angry, silly people pay any attention to him completely baffles me.
Posted by: npr on November 29, 2008 at 4:07 PM | PERMALINK
Great post.
Krauthammer has it exactly backwards. One of the good things about capitalism is that you can get rich by means other than fucking people over. That's a recent development. Warren Buffett couldn't have existed until the last 150 or so years, and even then only in a few countries. Buffett himself has often explained that his gift for allocating capital is only useful given the benefits provided by of our legal system, technology, educational system, etc.
Posted by: chrismealy on November 29, 2008 at 4:12 PM | PERMALINK
He's stupid. What's the mystery?
Cheers,
Alan Tomlinson
Posted by: Alan Tomlinson on November 29, 2008 at 4:15 PM | PERMALINK
hilzoy...why try and wrestle with this guy's writing? fruitless... watchin' the kraut and the kystol and jonah-the-lesser discuss economics is like watching cats read......
Posted by: dj spellchecka on November 29, 2008 at 4:42 PM | PERMALINK
I don't normally read Charles Krauthammer...
You should have quit while you were ahead.
Posted by: majun on November 29, 2008 at 5:20 PM | PERMALINK
Throughout history, people have sought impressive opening statements.
Posted by: dSmith on November 29, 2008 at 5:30 PM | PERMALINK
I've never studied European history, and I don't know if Krauthammer has, nor do I care. I have heard of the K Street Project, and I suspect Krauthammer has, too. It started and was in its heyday long before the Bear Stearns bailout. There were balance sheets involved then too, but not of the sort Krauthammer is talking about.
But to make these points, you have to believe that they would matter to someone like CK. I doubt they do.
Posted by: Jeff S. on November 29, 2008 at 5:31 PM | PERMALINK
Krauthammer doesn't need an excuse: he's a propagandist. And contrasting the wretched, corrupt, soft ways of today with the serious, nose-to-the-grindstone ways of our rock-ribbed, hard-boiled, no-nonsense forbears has been a good propaganda technique, since, well, since at least as long as people have been arguing the morality of cloning.
My own best guess isn't that Krauthammer is lazy, but that he's dishonest.
Posted by: mg on November 29, 2008 at 5:33 PM | PERMALINK
He's trying to persuade, not to tell the truth or provide incisive analysis.
This is called rhetoric, and the Greeks understood it well.
'facts' are an inconvenience, and much of politics is about ignoring them.
Consider Victor Davis Hanson's 'lessons' for the modern world from classical analogies, for wanton misuse of history. Nial Ferguson is often guilty of a much more subtle version of the same.
Posted by: Valuethinker on November 29, 2008 at 5:33 PM | PERMALINK
Hilzoy: Please leave poor, crippled Charles alone. He's gravely wounded because most of his cherished ideas have blown up in his face this year. He's just trying to limp to the pundit's grave yard behind Roger Ailes' castle. Sic transit.
Posted by: EL on November 29, 2008 at 5:48 PM | PERMALINK
You don't have to look to Europe for counter examples. How about the United States in the 1860 and70s? Get a franchise to build a railroad and collect all that land grant money: that was reading balance sheets? Or how about defense contracting?
In a sense I agree with the person who said Krauthammer is silly. He's also doctrinaire and mean minded. So I also agree he shouldn't be read, it's just that the headline was so intriguing.
Posted by: frank logan on November 29, 2008 at 6:06 PM | PERMALINK
What's Charles Krauthammer's excuse?
He's sophomoric.
Posted by: gummitch on November 29, 2008 at 6:16 PM | PERMALINK
Charlie Kraut should read him some Charlie Marx; for better understanding of the symbiosis between politics and money, I'd particularly recommend Das Kapital.
Posted by: exlibra on November 29, 2008 at 6:30 PM | PERMALINK
Nice piece.
Posted by: catherineD on November 29, 2008 at 7:07 PM | PERMALINK
Valuethinker mentions Victor Davis Hanson; the only disappearance from the Chicago Tribune's op-ed page that I welcomed more was Linda Chavez's. But I still have to put up with Krauthammer, Dennis Byrne, and Jonah Goldberg - not that I ever read any of them, beyond the headlines, but they waste so much space! Just putting a leader across the top of the page saying "LIBERALS ARE AWFUL!" would serve the same purpose. But the Trib is a generally right-wing paper that somehow managed to endorse Obama this year anyhow - first Democrat in the paper's history, dating back to something like 1841.
Posted by: DavidNOE on November 29, 2008 at 7:23 PM | PERMALINK
as noted historian C. Montgomery Burns reminds us, "throughout history, man has dreamed of destroying the sun."
Posted by: benjoya on November 29, 2008 at 7:26 PM | PERMALINK
Republicans should run around like Mavericks, they know what we need are more button and bows for our troops in the war. Buttons and bows are about all they get because they sure do not get good equipment.
We are Mavericks says McCain and Sarah Palin. Well Sarah should take a hard look because America has the best of the best Maverick in place right now. Sarah meets George Bush your President you know.
Did you know the irresponsibility attached to that type of person? And does George fill that list? You bet! The Oxford dictionary addresses this in an alarming way for me. “In 1803 -1870 a well known Texan Samuel A. Maverick a cattle owner left the calves of his herd unbranded. A calf or yearly found without an owner’s brand is considered a master less one, or like a person unaccountable? One who roves?” Mavericks and Roves are what America does not need.
Sometimes unbranded calves became
Mavericks.
Unidentified calves that wandered off from their mothers are called Mavericks. Ranchers generally agreed that a Maverick calf became the property of the ranch onto which it strayed.
This agreement caused problems when some ranchers began “mavericking”—
indiscriminately branding any stray calf they saw. Cattle rustling, rounding up horses or cattle for thievery was far too easy on the open range.
Rustlers rounded up branded cattle, altered the brands, and quickly led them across the border into Dakota Territory or Canada for sale. Law enforcement was difficult over such vast, open distances.
Cowboys, and adventurers likely invented the popular concept of earmarks. Punching a mark in the ear of the cattle was on a way around branding problems.
But, what bothers me is that single ideal that the term Maverick also got attached the cattle owners. Many in the Midwest plains complained about Texas cattle could be diseased because Mavericks are difficult to place in origin.
For me cowboys were interesting, I used to enjoy watching them, now I can not even stand listening to the howling of country western music. Now I have a good laugh to myself at a John Wayne movie, even listening to southern politicians now make me sick.
Worse the irresponsibility coupled with this war has shown me the moral hollowness in George Bush. He is not a good commander. In the sense that forty percent of the forces are National Guard troops all forced to endure an unbelievable amount of grief with personal family economic sacrifice to serve in Iraq and Afghanistan. It is my personal believe that it is immoral to make these men and women to sacrifice the service. Because they are National Guard and not regular army. Regular Army troops should have replace those troops in Iraq a long time ago. That should be the real important part of surge Obama should look at. Actually the media is failed too; those news media embedded in this war have ignored their true responsibility. More over it is a crime to ignore it.
The other day I learned that thousands of veterans have committed suicide, actually more veterans are killing themselves then those killed in the field. If this is true it should be talked about as I write this my personal anger wells up to tear for those men and women that serve, so I will toot my horn, I am a veteran of Vietnam, I walked the walk, and gave my life for the freedom, Thank God I made it out whole, but it only took me a few weeks to figure out how wrong that war was.
George did a good job to confuse America; it took me a lot longer to figure out how wrong this Iraq war is.
Posted by: Megalomania on November 29, 2008 at 7:49 PM | PERMALINK
Hilzoy, you have hit upon a really useful diagnostic; many rants about the the decline of society or morals begin an implicit "For years, people have debated the morality of X" or they would make no sense. Let X = keeping people alive for years via feeding tubes, or addressing anthropogenic climate change, or financial derivatives, and on and on. Very instructive.
Posted by: mark on November 29, 2008 at 7:50 PM | PERMALINK
it's a nice-sounding way to start a column.
That's all it is, and all it's meant to be. If Everyman had to start well every time, then Everyman wouldn't write anything.
Posted by: marketeer on November 29, 2008 at 8:03 PM | PERMALINK
This idea that, in the good old days you got rich through some form of merit - "You learned to read balance sheets" is Krauthammer's particular metaphor - is a standard piece of Republican mythology. It's the rich paying a compliment to themselves to justify their good fortune. I don't think even Warren Buffet believes this any more, but in any case it's usefully debunked by Nassim Nicolas Taleb in Fooled by Randomness. The idea that merit is financially rewarded is also part of a uniquely American brand of Christianity.
Posted by: Fred from Pescadero on November 29, 2008 at 8:20 PM | PERMALINK
The idea that merit is financially rewarded is also part of a uniquely American brand of Christianity. -- Fred from Pescadero, @ 20:20
Not really; Victorian Brits had the very same idea and acted on it in a similar manner. The poor didn't need (or merit) help, because their poverty was their own fault and a result of sin. The virtuous were rewarded with (earthly) riches; that's how you could tell they were virtuous.
Posted by: exlibra on November 29, 2008 at 8:36 PM | PERMALINK
He needs no excuse. He wields his eponymous Krap Hammer; it is supposed to be crap, as smothering the object of his abuse in bullshit is his objective.
He lies, he misleads, he abuses the few ethical standards of his purported profession by “psychoanalyzing” people in his columns, and he does not care, because he is a true believer convinced his banal evils are in the service of good.
Posted by: jhd on November 29, 2008 at 8:58 PM | PERMALINK
Krauthammer is a very stupid man. He managed to get by being very stupid because he is conservative, and conservatives must be very stupid. It's odd because he has some advanced degree or other, so to be stupid, he must be quite disciplined and careful. It's a wonder to behold.
Posted by: POed Lib on November 29, 2008 at 9:36 PM | PERMALINK
Governments' manipulation of their economies goes back at least to ancient Greece. Look up the meaning of "sycophant" some time. Krauthammer is saying that capitalism isn't what it was. Capitalism never was what it was, Charles.
Posted by: Dennis-SGMM on November 29, 2008 at 10:50 PM | PERMALINK
So where does the second quoted reference (about buttons and calico) come from ? It isn`t in the first document (I have searched it) & since it is such a nice example of absurd (though understandable) behavior I would like to be able to point some people to it.
What work of scholarship is it from ?
"...It is in the religion of ignorance that tyranny begins..." - Benjamin Franklin
Posted by: daCascadian on November 30, 2008 at 12:09 AM | PERMALINK
Since the dawn of time, Hilzoy has posted really great takedowns of weak, sophomoric arguments.
Posted by: Will on November 30, 2008 at 12:20 AM | PERMALINK
the thing is, though: they are students. what's charles krauthammer's excuse?
he's an idiot.
Posted by: skippy on November 30, 2008 at 12:32 AM | PERMALINK
My guess is that Larry and Sergey or Bill Gates couldn't read a balance sheet when they started their companies. I think they're all doing ok.
Posted by: Mo on November 30, 2008 at 12:54 AM | PERMALINK
Krauthammer's excuse is that he is bullshitting, exactly as Harry G. Frankfurt, retired professor of philosophy at Princeton, defined it in his essay"On Bullshit.
"It is just this lack of connection to a concern with truththis indifference to how things really arethat I regard as the essence of bullshit."
Which, in Frankfurt's view, far worse than lying:
"Both in lying and in telling the truth people are guided by their beliefs concerning the way things are. These guide them as they endeavor either to describe the world correctly or to describe it deceitfully....The bullshitter ignores these demands altogether. He does not reject the authority of the truth, as the liar does, and oppose himself to it. He pays no attention to it at all. By virtue of this, bullshit is a greater enemy of the truth than lies are."
Frankfurt found bullshit to be the notes, is an inevitable byproduct of public life, "where people are frequently impelledwhether by their own propensities or by the demands of othersto speak extensively about matters of which they are to some degree ignorant."
Posted by: Chris on November 30, 2008 at 1:25 AM | PERMALINK
Pontificators in general have been doing this for years and years. Probably since people got around the campfire and argued about tomorrow's hunt and gather. They take a fallacious premise, declare it as fact and then bend it towards the end argument they are attempting to persuade the listener to. Reality and facts don't matter. It's the creation of a picture, either contrast or flow, that counts.
Gingrich is a master of this. Kristol and the neo-cons found their whole argument on bent history and false deduction. Republicans generally -- and most specifically to the right -- now have no idea where reality is because they are so used to using lies to found their argument on.
Which is why it's so nice, lately, to see Krugman, face to face, keep George Will and his ilk somewhere close to the line of honesty and reality.
Not before time.
Posted by: notthere on November 30, 2008 at 2:34 AM | PERMALINK
"What's Charles Krauthammer's excuse?"
Keeping his job at FOX News?
Posted by: Marc on November 30, 2008 at 8:08 AM | PERMALINK
His key point: balance sheets don't seem to matter whether a company lives or dies and this is a major problem, should not be buried in the fixation on his careless innaccuracy with history.
Citi, AIG, GM. All should be trading at pennies on the dollar and would if not for political patronage that makes the numbers of dubious importance.
Senator Obama, before you're done... you REALLY need to fix this.
Posted by: toowearyforoutrage on November 30, 2008 at 10:19 AM | PERMALINK
Krauthammer is not the first intelligent person whose logic and reason are completely undermined and overwhelmed by economic self-interest, fear, paranoia, and most fundamentally, hatred of anyone essentially different from himself.
Posted by: bluestatedon on November 30, 2008 at 11:05 AM | PERMALINK
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