The federal government is supposed to issue new rules about debt levels for students in for-profit colleges. In the meantime, the states are working on their own regulations.
There arent nearly enough counterterrorism experts to instruct all of Americas police. So we got these guys instead.
By Meg Stalcup and Joshua Craze
May 10, 2009
By: Hilzoy
Exodus
Kevin Drum linked to this story about the evacuation of the Carteret Islands, a tiny atoll in the South Pacific. The sea levels have been rising, toppling trees and swallowing up the coastline. Salt water bubbles up from what were once the gardens where the islanders used to grow food. Every so often, king tides sweep across the islands; one recently cut one of them in two. Now, they're leaving:
"This morning I stood on black volcanic sand, pressed up right against the jungle, and watched a small white boat powered by a single outboard engine run in against the shore. On board were five men from the Islands, the fathers of five families, who have come to finish building houses and gardens already begun in a cleared patch of jungle at Tinputz, on the east coast of Bougainville. When these homes are ready the five will return to the Carterets, to fetch their wives and children back. Life, they hope, will be better for them here. On the Carterets, king tides have washed away their crops and rising sea levels poisoned those that remain with salt. The people have been forced to move.
The men climbed silently from the boat and into the shallows. They splashed towards us, carrying almost nothing. From beside me, others who had come to meet them walked out quietly in welcome. The air was still, both sad and happy, which seemed to suit the moment. That single boat carrying these five men is the first wave in what is, as far as I can tell, the world's first official evacuation of an entire people because of climate change. Some say they will be ready to bring their families here next month when the houses are completed. Others that it will be June, when the first crop of sweet potatoes will be ready to feed them."
Dan Box, who wrote that, is blogging the evacuation, though he seems to have gone silent now that he's on the (electricity- and internet-free) islands. The islanders have set up an NGO to help with the relocation; if I can find out how to contribute, I will update accordingly. Here's a good video report on the Carterets; it gives you a sense of what life is like there, and of the beauty of the place:
While the Carterets are a small and remote island community, the inhabitants are moving to Bougainville, which is a lot bigger, and has problems unknown to the Carterets: mining operations and attendant social, economic, and environmental issues, which led to a civil war that only concluded a few years back. It will be a huge adjustment, but it beats starving to death and watching your home gradually swallowed by the ocean.
***
Preemptive note: in reading up on this, I noticed that articles on the Carterets seem to attract comments about how this is not due to global warming, but to the islands sinking. I have no idea whether the islands are sinking or not; offhand, I see no reason why they shouldn't be. But that would not show that global warming did not also contribute to what's happening: sea levels are rising, the main cause of recent sea level rise is climate change (pdf), and sea levels are rising particularly in the region where the Carterets are found:
"In a landmark series of reports released this year, the UN climate-science network reported that seas rose by a global average of about 0.12 inch (0.3 centimeter) annually from 1993 to 2003, compared to an average of about 0.08 inch (0.2 centimeter) annually between 1961 and 2003.
A 2006 study by Australian oceanographers found the rise was much higher -- almost an inch (2.5 centimeters) every year -- in parts of the western Pacific and Indian oceans."
It would be odd if the Carterets were exempted from the general rise in sea levels. If they aren't, then the question whether the islands are sinking or not would only tell us whether climate change is the sole cause of the islanders' problems, or one of several.
I have no idea whether the islands are sinking or not; offhand, I see no reason why they shouldn't be. But that would not show that global warming did not also contribute to what's happening: sea levels are rising, the main cause of recent sea level rise is climate change (pdf), and sea levels are rising particularly in the region where the Carterets are found:
I suspect it's a little of both. I grew in eastern Kentucky where undergrounding mining often caused areas to sink, or slough. Not the best example to high light the effects of Global Warming Hilzoy. But your still my favorite blogger.
Posted by: Mr. Stuck on May 10, 2009 at 11:36 PM | PERMALINK
Thanks. -- But I didn't write it to highlight global warming (thus the last bit); it was just the story of these people having to leave that seemed to me to want to be told.
Posted by: hilzoy on May 10, 2009 at 11:38 PM | PERMALINK
it was just the story of these people having to leave that seemed to me to want to be told.
In that case, the post succeeds nicely.
Posted by: Mr. Stuck on May 10, 2009 at 11:47 PM | PERMALINK
Interesting - I guess I just assumed that water rose at an even rate everywhere.
Posted by: WBer on May 10, 2009 at 11:49 PM | PERMALINK
1. volcanic islands like these do subside over time, but rates tend to be much less than the recent sea level changes.
2. Some portion of sea level change can can be localized if the surface water temperatures rise a lot, there will be local expansion of the water.
3. normally coral reef growth will keep up with subsidence of volcanic islands. Unfortunately the reefs are doing very poorly because of higher temperature and acidity of waters in that part of the world
Posted by: frank on May 11, 2009 at 12:39 AM | PERMALINK
A quick Google search of "Carteret" and "island" and "sinking" gives plenty of hits -- but so far, I have not found a single one that authoritatively states that indeed the island is sinking in absolute, geocentric terms. It's certainly sinking in relation to the ocean surface -- the only measure that's important to the natives. But is before getting all impressed with the fact that "sinking" isn't caused by global warming, perhaps it would be a good idea to find out whether the island is actually sinking in absolute terms.
Posted by: Paul Harder on May 11, 2009 at 8:32 AM | PERMALINK
My take: overpopulation- yes there are other factors including global warming, but the place was way overpopulated and such places are prone to massive disruptions.
Posted by: Raoul on May 11, 2009 at 11:08 AM | PERMALINK
The cause can still be global warming even though the local sea level increase exceeds the average sea level increase attributed to increased water in the oceans.
Local sea levels in the tropical Pacific are complicated by another factor -- warming of the ocean independently causes the local sea level to rise because warm water expands and takes up more volume. There are literally "mounds" of water in warmer seawater zones, which will increase in height without regard to global mean sea level simply because the water becomes warmer. I have no idea if this is a factor in the Caterets, but it is an observed phenomena in the western tropical Pacific.
Posted by: dmbeaster on May 11, 2009 at 11:51 AM | PERMALINK
related: hilzoy, et al...here's the real deal
one paragraph from a six page article...
The Maldives is an archipelago of 1,190 islands in the Indian Ocean, with an average elevation of four feet. Even a slight rise in global sea levels, which many scientists predict will occur by the end of this century, could submerge most of it.. Last November, when President Mohamed Nasheed proposed moving all 300,000 Maldivians to safer territory, he named India, Sri Lanka and Australia as possible destinations and described a plan that would use tourism revenues from the present to establish a sovereign wealth fund with which he could buy a new country — or at least part of one — in the future. “We can do nothing to stop climate change on our own, and so we have to buy land elsewhere,” he said in November.
Posted by: dj spellchecka on May 11, 2009 at 3:51 PM | PERMALINK
Hello Steve and Hilzoy,
Luis Patron and I made this videobrief with Nichiolas Hakata giving a eyewitness overview of the current situation the island. The community's relocation committee have recently carried out a community-led relocation and resources survey.
It was calculated there are about 1500 people on the islands (150 families) with about 80 families now ready to relocate. They are looking to raise about US$2 million to relocate these families.
The community welcomes direct donations through their organization Tulele Peisa (http://www.tulelepeisa.org/) and are very interested to talk further regarding urgent Climate Change capacity building work right across the region.
For further information about United Nations University's Indigenous perspectives of Climate Change videobriefs please visit:
www.ourworld.unu.edu
and watch the other stories in the series:
http://www.vimeo.com/album/85004
Thanks for the link.
Best,
Citt Williams
UNU Media studio
Posted by: Citt Williams on May 11, 2009 at 10:29 PM | PERMALINK