May 27, 2009
STRAW MEN.... One of the more common Republican criticisms of the president is Obama's alleged use of "straw men" arguments. Karl Rove recently wrote a column on the president's reliance on "the lazy rhetorical device of 'straw men.'" Rep. Mike Pence (R-Ind.), chairman of the House Republican Conference and House Minority Leader John Boehner (R-Ohio) have made the same complaint.
With this in mind, it was only natural that the media follow suit. The New York Times' Helene Cooper had this 1,000-word piece the other day.
Democrats often complained about President George W. Bush's frequent use of a rhetorical device as old as rhetoric itself: creating the illusion of refuting an opponent's argument by mischaracterizing it and then knocking down that mischaracterization.
There was much outrage in 2006, for example, when Mr. Bush said that when it came to battling terrorists, "I need members of Congress who understand that you can't negotiate with these folks," implying that Democrats backed talks with Al Qaeda. That assertion was promptly, and angrily, disputed by Senator John Kerry of Massachusetts.
Now that there is a new team at the White House, guess who is knocking down straw men left and right?
The right, not surprisingly, was delighted to see the piece. There was only one small problem with the article: it's wrong.
As publius explained, "The difference between Bush and Obama's arguments is fairly simple -- Bush just made stuff up, while Obama's critics are actually making the critiques that Obama attributes to them. Somewhat hilariously, Cooper herself concedes this on several of the supposed examples of Obama's 'strawman' arguments."
Exactly. If the president responds to actual arguments presented by his real-life detractors, that's not a straw-man argument; that's the opposite of a straw-man argument. Consider this example from the article:
Mr. Obama's straw men are not limited to the economy. On his maiden overseas trip, he shot down one after another in quick succession, for the benefit of students in Istanbul. "Some people say that maybe I'm being too idealistic," he said. "I made a speech in Prague about reducing and ultimately eliminating nuclear weapons, and some people said, ah, that will never happen. And some people have said, why are you discussing the Middle East when it's not going to be possible for the Israelis and the Palestinians to come together? Or why are you reaching out to the Iranians, because the U.S. and Iran can never agree on anything?"
Who would not be ready to cheer the knockdown of such pessimism after all that? "If we don't try, if we don't reach high, then we won't make any progress," Mr. Obama concluded.
To Mr. Obama's credit, several pundits, including the Washington Post columnist Anne Applebaum (who called his no-nukes speech "quixotic"), dumped cold water on the idea of getting to a nuclear-free world anytime soon. And White House officials pointed to columns in both The New York Times (William Kristol) and The Washington Times (Jeffrey Kuhner) that criticized Mr. Obama for trying engagement with Iran's leaders.
It's just a bizarre case against the president. The article accuses Obama of using straw men, and then points to examples proving the opposite.
I have no idea why articles like these get published.
—Steve Benen 10:35 AM
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I have no idea why articles like these get published.
Really?
Posted by: qwerty on May 27, 2009 at 10:42 AM | PERMALINK
I know! I know! Obama (for the most part) is a difficult guy to target in the usual Repug manner (innuendo and smearing) in large part because of his race/background.
They can't use the N-word (or any "code" words the unreconstructed types use) for fear of a serious backlash (see Trent Lott.) They can't beat him over the head with the accusations of being a limo lib because he was raised by a single mom (another Repug bugaboo) and went to the best schools due to his own efforts and abilities. Finally, I suspect that they've tried to do oppo research on him and can't find much on Barack or his family. So all the right is left with is the "nah-nah pooh-pooh" nitpicky bitchy comments and observations.
Posted by: Former Dan on May 27, 2009 at 10:43 AM | PERMALINK
I have no idea why articles like these get published.
Neither do I. But perhaps that explains why the NYT et al are declining in readership, revenues, and reality based reportage. . .
Posted by: DAY on May 27, 2009 at 10:45 AM | PERMALINK
I wish Steve Bennen would stop writing these posts in French. It's completely obnoxious. I mean, wouldn't this read just as well in English: "It's just a bizarre case against the president. The article accuses Obama of using straw men, and then points to examples proving the opposite."
Posted by: gussie on May 27, 2009 at 10:46 AM | PERMALINK
Give the right credit for at least trying to think.
It's like Samuel Johnson's point about a dog walking on its hind legs: "It is not done well; but you are surprised to find it done at all."
Posted by: Bob M on May 27, 2009 at 10:46 AM | PERMALINK
I have no idea why articles like these get published.
Results-oriented journalism. The pre-conceived conclusion is that Democrats are Just Like Republicans, the facts are arranged (or ignored) to fit that conclusion.
Posted by: Jim on May 27, 2009 at 10:49 AM | PERMALINK
I failed a journalism class in college. Today, think if I tried again, based on today's high standards in the field of journalism, I would not only get an A+ but have multiple job offers upon completion of the course.
I can truly never tell if these "reporters" simply don't understand basic terminology or just don't read what they wrote. I suppose it is a choice between dumb or lazy.
Posted by: ashton on May 27, 2009 at 10:51 AM | PERMALINK
It's an interesting feat of rhetorical Jujutsu. I think they are probably correct that these share a distinguishing feature of straw men arguments: extraordinarily weak and easy to disprove arguments.
The real story, of course, is that the President's critics are attempting to use these as if they are good faith rebuttals, then complaining when he answers them that these arguments are weak and foolish. So, really, they're just indicting themselves.
If these are true straw men, the obvious answer would be to demonstrate the real critiques of his policies. The fact that they don't (and can't) makes this point unsustainable.
But Obama realizes he's not engaging in good faith debate, so he's vigorously going after false points he know people might accept as true if unchallenged.
That's called being honest.
Posted by: Paulk on May 27, 2009 at 10:53 AM | PERMALINK
for the hard core progressives amoung us (me) and the hard core pragmatics among us (me), this is why i am ok with a luke warm liberal agenda. Look at the utter craptacular stuff said about this guy and he is not even that threatening to the established order. Were he trying to repeal DADT and allow for federal recognition of gay marriage (the right thing to do), and were he going after single payer (the right thing to do) and if he were pushing for an absulte end to our two front wars (the right thing to do), this guy would be villified in a way that would make any reform impossible.
Thus, because of the institutional constraints on marked social change in the liberal direction (wall street, MSM, congress), i am satisfied with what i get from Obama, provided that we give him gentle reminders now and again that progressive values matter. But, in trith, I think he knows them and i think he believes them, even if he cant do everything I want about making progressive ideals a reality.
eric
Posted by: eric on May 27, 2009 at 10:57 AM | PERMALINK
Steve,
Quit knocking down straw men. These newspaper articles you are refuting don't really exist.
Posted by: DR on May 27, 2009 at 10:58 AM | PERMALINK
If anything, Obama might be accused of nutpicking -- highlighting the most extreme opposition which is more easily knocked down. Except the nuts are, more often than not, elected officials with actual influence on policy.
Posted by: Grumpy on May 27, 2009 at 11:04 AM | PERMALINK
Rove false accusation that Obama uses straw man arguments is actually a straw man argument in itself!
But on second thought it's not, it's just simple lying.
Posted by: Ohioan on May 27, 2009 at 11:05 AM | PERMALINK
It happens because in today's world of big-time "journalism," there are no such things as "facts." All "journalism" is nothing more than the constant attempt to show that opposite viewpoints are nothing more than different but equally valid interpretations of reality. Democrats say 2+2 = 4, but the Times will give just as much weight and ink to Republican claims that the sum is 5. That's why it's extremely easy for Cooper to make an assertion and then refute it in the same article without recognizing her cognitive dissonance; both viewpoints are equally valid, even if they're maintained by the same person.
George Orwell termed it very accurately: Doublethink. That's why I'm not shedding any tears at all over the demise of newspapers such as the Times. They're rotting from within, and have been for some time.
Posted by: bluestatedon on May 27, 2009 at 11:05 AM | PERMALINK
I have no idea why articles like these get published.
They get published because "the press is free to he who owns one," and the owners of the media are all conservatives who see Obama and the Democrats in power as an affront to their imperial highness.
Posted by: TCinLA on May 27, 2009 at 11:06 AM | PERMALINK
Ms Cooper probably doesn't even know what a "straw man" is (as a rhetorical figure). All she knows is its common introduction "some say". So, every time she hears "some say", she thinks it's a "straw man".
It's a common enough problem, easily solved by a short course of classical logic. Just because every A=B, doesn't mean that every B=A (every dog is a mammal but not every mammal is a dog). But a lot of people (another version of "some say", BTW) don't realise that.
Posted by: exlibra on May 27, 2009 at 11:06 AM | PERMALINK
Steve, this article, and others like it, are the journalistic equivalent of "make-up" calls in sports. There's a close and contested call, one team's coach or manager or player(s) bitch about it, and soon thereafter, another close contested call goes the other way.
In this case, the NYT is still doing penance for not doing more to help McCain last year. And for not being nicer to Bush. And for publishing news stories that had the vice of being true and damaging to conservative politicians in general at any point during the last several decades.
I think they've worked off their debt from the Pentagon Papers, though. But only recently.
(either that, or the NYT does actually troll conservative flacks for ideas for pieces. Hell, that's probably *also* true...)
Posted by: Chris on May 27, 2009 at 11:06 AM | PERMALINK
The strawmen that Republicans create to defeat something or someone they don't like are a way for them to control the debate. Unfortunately Democrats traditionally haven't been good at tearing these things down and the Media either because of laziness or fear of having their neutrality questioned, don't seem to either see though this set-up or don't want to expose this set-up. Obama seems to change the dialog a bit - hopefully having someone a bit more savvy at the top will help.
Posted by: ET on May 27, 2009 at 11:15 AM | PERMALINK
Karl Rove is made of straw.
Posted by: msw on May 27, 2009 at 11:15 AM | PERMALINK
Bush and Cheney as straw men, hmm? Would have preferred seeing them as "WickerMen".
Posted by: berttheclock on May 27, 2009 at 11:16 AM | PERMALINK
One of the more common Republican projections is Obama's alleged use of "straw men" arguments.
Fixed.
Bush used straw men, and much more egregiously (something like, "Some say we shouldn't defend our nation against terrorists. I disagree."), all the time.
Posted by: Gregory on May 27, 2009 at 11:30 AM | PERMALINK
Others have responded to Steve's surprise, where dismay at the continuing media message would be more appropriate. So just to add two points. First, Publius doesn't even bother with evidence on one of Cooper's points, about climate change. And of course the right very much has opposed regulation on climate change as burdensome on the economy at this time (a handy shift from burdensome, period). And second, even if Cooper were right on facts, lumping it all as the straw-man fallacy shamelessly overlooks the difference in the right's appeal to emotions, in such claims as that Democrats want to talk with or appease terrorists. Questioning one's opponent's patriotism and calling one's opponent complicit with the "enemy" is the same old McCarthyism, and it is on quite another plane.
Posted by: John Haber on May 27, 2009 at 11:31 AM | PERMALINK
With this in mind, it was only natural that the media follow suit.
The "liberal" media? You don't say!
You've said a mouthful there, Steve. Joe Conason documented in his book Big Lies, back in 2003, the righ uses its Tinker-to-Evers-to-chance -- in their case, Rush to Drudge to Fox -- to inject its propaganda into the so-called "liberal media."
Fortunately, the American people's bullshit detectors have been recalibrated by the massive failure of Republican policies to deliver on their promise. But that doesn't mean the lazy media won't stop having narratives handed to them by the Republican propaganda minions.
Posted by: Gregory on May 27, 2009 at 11:35 AM | PERMALINK
The question shouldn't be why these articles get published but how do they get away with publishing articles like this with no repercussions. The answer is simple. I would estimate that 99.9% of the American population do not know what a straw-man argument is (or what a fallacy is, or what cogent means). Hell, they don't even use the word ironic correctly.
The dumbing down of America in action.
Posted by: MsJoanne on May 27, 2009 at 11:40 AM | PERMALINK
Steve, I don't mean to be uncharitable but by now, you need to know why such crap is published. If you already do, then say so instead of the endless and tiring game of the perplexed naïf who scratches his head about right-wing and SCLM idiocy. It's getting old and it hurts our message.
And yes, most people are logically illiterate. Logical and scientific illiteracy especially characterizes right-wing rabble. Look at the pitiful "reasoning" expressed in comments at http://www.telegraph.co.uk/earth/earthnews/5389278/Obamas-green-guru-calls-for-white-roofs.html....
The URL is pretty self-explanatory. The idiots can't get for example that if there are two effects and one is negative to the other (like white in summer versus white in winter), there can still be a remaining net effects. Or, that white roofs wouldn't help reduce warming since the "reflect the heat back into" the air or space (!) anyway, with complete disregard for spectrum differences. Of course they wrap everything into political conspiracies, despite the old Svante Arrhenius paper getting the modern AGW theory going in 1896. Oh, and our villagers are hardly any better as we can see.
Posted by: Neil B ♪ on May 27, 2009 at 11:54 AM | PERMALINK
Cooper really doesn't know what a "straw man" argument is in forensic terms. It's kind of like how everybody nowadays uses "begging the question" to mean "raises the problem of..." rather than making a proposition whose conclusion is already assumed in the premise itself.
Posted by: jonas on May 27, 2009 at 12:08 PM | PERMALINK
I have no idea why articles like these get published.
You keep using that word. I do not think it means what you think it means. -- Inigo Montoya
Obviously most newspaper editors think that a strawman argument is an argument that begins with "Some people have said..."
Posted by: majun on May 27, 2009 at 12:23 PM | PERMALINK
Article like these get published because the media are precisely as ethically and intellectually bankrupt as the corporations which own them.
Posted by: mcmama on May 27, 2009 at 12:25 PM | PERMALINK
To be fair, Obama definitely set up some strawmen in his speech about national security last week:
We see that, above all, in how the recent debate has been obscured by two opposite and absolutist ends. On one side of the spectrum, there are those who make little allowance for the unique challenges posed by terrorism, and who would almost never put national security over transparency. On the other end of the spectrum, there are those who embrace a view that can be summarized in two words: “anything goes.” Their arguments suggest that the ends of fighting terrorism can be used to justify any means, and that the President should have blanket authority to do whatever he wants – provided that it is a President with whom they agree.
Both sides may be sincere in their views, but neither side is right.
He managed to set up strawmen on either side of him to make himself look like the sensible centrist. But it's baloney.
Posted by: TG Chicago on May 27, 2009 at 1:40 PM | PERMALINK
I go along with the folks who maintain that this Helene Cooper person doesn't know what a strawman argument is. Nor do her editors.
Amazing, at the NY Times, but there it is.
My wife worked with a newsperson with a graduate degree from Columbia, a very highly regarded J school. This person couldn't understand the metaphor, "The bill went through the legislative process like Sherman through Georgia."
After having it explained at the level of "You know that scene in "Gone with the Wind" where Atlanta burned? That was General Sherman marching through Georgia!"
The reply was "I'm from New York, and we didn't have anything to do with the Civil War."
Unbelievable. We are doomed to repeat history forever, as people won't remember history just from their grandparents' times.
Posted by: JR on May 27, 2009 at 1:56 PM | PERMALINK
TG Chicago, I empathize (!) with your concerns, but: setting up conceptual bookends of the extreme positions doesn't mean to imply there are very many people who believe in either total extreme (and given almost anything, *someone* out there believes...) The point is to set up the conceptual dialectic, not to describe the significant partisan actors. And it's OK and intellectually honest to do that.
However, Ms. Helene Cooper was not intellectually honest.
tyrannogenius
Posted by: Neil B ◙ on May 27, 2009 at 2:10 PM | PERMALINK
These are allegedly educated people, but they don't understand the English language. They are using the words "straw man" when they mean "scapegoat" and they confuse "empathy" with "sympathy." Can we ask their universities to recall their degrees?
Posted by: Russell Aboard M/V Sunshine on May 27, 2009 at 2:18 PM | PERMALINK
For what it's worth, one of my all-time favorites of Dubya's strawman comments was during an address back in '04 when he said something along the lines of "some people believe that brown-skinned people aren't capable of governing themselves."
Good stuff.
Posted by: BD on May 27, 2009 at 3:51 PM | PERMALINK
Interesting post. Online dating has sure influenced our lives in interesting ways.
Posted by: Ryan on May 31, 2009 at 7:57 AM | PERMALINK