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November 1, 2006
State of the Race Update III: Six Days to Go!
When I last checked in about the state of the race--about ten days ago--things looked pretty good for the Democrats. Now they look even better.
Take the generic congressional contest, for example. In the nine polls finished since 10/20 that are listed on PollingReport.com, the Democrats' average lead is 14 points. That's huge by historical standards. Democrats haven't seen these kind of leads this late in an off-year election campaign, since the elections of 1974 and 1982, when they gained 43 and 26 seats respectively.
Of course, the generic congressional contest does not tell you directly about how the myriad individual races will turn out (we'll get to the race by race data in a moment) so some caution is advised in assessing just what this gaudy lead is likely to mean for the Democrats on election day. But here's some food for thought. Three political scientists, Joseph Bafumi, Robert Erikson and Christopher Wlezien, have recently released a paper that forecasts the level of seat shifts from the generic congressional vote question, using model-based computer simulations of the 435 individual House contests.
The gruesome methodological details may be found in the paper, but the bottom line is that their simulations predict a 32 seat pickup for the Democrats. As we shall see when we get to the race by race data, this is not such a crazy prediction.
But before we get to the race by race data, let me flag a couple of more things from the national-level data. One is the probable role of independents in this election. As I remarked in my initial post on this blog:
The Democrats are also running even larger leads among independents in the generic Congressional ballot–typically 6-7 points higher than their overall lead.....
With that in mind, consider the following. As far back as I can get data (1982), the Democrats have never had a lead among independents larger than 4 points in an actual election, a level they managed to achieve in both 1986 and 1990. Indeed, since 1990, they’ve lost independents in every congressional election: by 14 points in 1994; by 4 points in 1998; and by 2 points in 2002. So, even leaving questions of relative partisan turnout aside (and I suspect the Democrats will do better, not worse, in this respect in 2006), the implications of a strong Democratic lead among independents in this year’s election, if it holds, are huge.
National polls continue to confirm a very wide lead for Democrats among independent voters. For example, the latest Washington Post/ABC News poll showed the Democrats running an amazing 28 point lead among independents, a finding that was discussed at length in the Post story on the poll. As I have continually stressed--and the mainstream press is now starting to pick up on--the Roveian fire-up-the-base-and-screw-the-middle strategy only works mathematically if losses in the political center can be minimized. Now they can't and the GOP is likely to pay the price--and very probably not just in this election.
Let me also draw your attention to a very interesting study released by the Pew Research Center that, among other things, compares a wide range of demographic groups' current voting intentions to their voting intentions at this point in the 2002 campaign. If you read one poll in detail this election cycle, let it be this one. The Pew data show huge swings toward the Democrats among many important voter groups including seniors, middle income voters, non-college educated voters, whites, rural residents, married moms, white Catholics--the list goes on and on. In effect, these shifts have turned yesterday's swing voters into Democratic groups and many of yesterday's Republican groups into swing voters.
Turning to the race by race data, polls show an ever-widening number of House seats in play. And, according to data from the Pew Research Center study and from a series of polls from Democracy Corps, Democrats are favored overall by voters in these districts. The latest Democracy Corps analsyis--"Iraq Weakens Republican Hold" is particularly noteworthy, since it shows Democrats making especially good progress in "third tier" competitive GOP seats, where GOP incumbents had the best chances of holding onto their seats. The reason, as the memo's title implies: Iraq. As more and more voters insist on seeing a change in this area, the fault lines are going deeper and deeper into GOP territory.
The scale of the possible seat shift can be assessed by looking at a number of different sites. A project of RT Strategies and Constituent Dynamics called "Majority Watch" has been polling 60 competitive House districts--55 of which are currently held by Republicans--and currently characterizes 24 of these districts as strong Democratic, 18 as leaning Democratic and 2 ties. Splitting the 2 ties, that indicates a possible Democratic gain of 38 seats (43 wins minus the five seats they already hold in the competitive 60 seats).
Over at Pollster.com, Mark Blumenthal and Charles Franklin look over all the available public polling on House races and assign 222 seats to the Democrats with 25 tossups. Let's say the Democrats and Republicans split the tossups (though in a wave election like this one, it's more plausible that these races would break toward the Democrats). That would bring the Democratic total to 234 seats--a gain of 31 seats over where they now stand.
The political scientists' forecasting model prediction of 32 seats doesn't see so far-fetched in light of these data. It's also worth noting that Charlie Cook now predicts Democratic gains of 20-35 seats (with a hedge toward a higher number than 35). Using the midpoint of his range, that would put the Democrat gain at around 28 seats--again, not far off the 32 mark.
Turning to the Senate, the latest Pollster.com 5-poll averages show the Democrats up by 5 in their only truly competive seat (NJ) and leading by 5,6,10 and 11 points, respectively in MT, RI, OH and PA. Then Webb has popped into a 3 point in VA--reversing a deficit to Allen that he had running for a number of weeks. After that, McCaskill-Talent is now dead-even in MO and Ford is down a point to Corker in TN. Therefore, it is possible that the real nail-biter in this election could be MO, if VA does come through for the Dems and Corker manages to hold on against Ford in TN.
So, things look good--very good--for the Democrats. What could turn this situation around for the GOP? At this point, it appears that the GOP is putting its faith overwhelmingly in one factor: turnout. Rev up their 72 hour turnout program they argue and--presto!--many of those Democratic margins will disappear on election day and the Democratic wave won't amount to much more than a splash.
I am highly skeptical. As I and others have been arguing for awhile, the GOP turnout machine is overrated and is simply not capable of turning defeat into victory in the manner alleged by GOP operatives and apparently believed by many in the press and even some Democrats. In this regard, I strongly recommend reading Mark Mellman's very nice deconstruction of the GOP turnout myth in today's edition of The Hill. Read the whole thing, but here's some of what he has to say:
How much difference can turnout really make? Consider the punishing arithmetic. Take a House race that this year would otherwise be 52-48 Democratic. What would turnout efforts have to achieve to overturn the putative victory?
Use white evangelical Protestants as an example. They comprised 23 percent of the national electorate in both 2000 and 2004, so let’s say they are the same proportion of our imaginary Congressional District. Say the 72-hour program was spectacularly — increasing their turnout by 20 percent while every other segment of the electorate held constant. In that case, evangelicals would constitute 26.4 percent of the electorate.
Assume for the sake of argument they continued to give the GOP the same 78 percent of their votes they gave to George Bush in 2004. Such heroic efforts would still result in a Democratic victory. And if white evangelical Protestants only offered 68 percent of their votes to Republicans, all that work would result in less than a 1-point shift in the vote. And that calculation makes the very unlikely assumption that one side enjoys great success while the other does nothing.
How likely is a 20 percent increase in turnout based on a GOTV effort? The best serious academic estimate is that all the GOTV work in the presidential campaign of 2004 increased turnout not by 20 percent, but by about 3 percent....
Can’t micro-targeting help them achieve spectacular successes? Anyone who has ever modeled data knows there is much more salesmanship than science in Republican claims about these efforts. Our firm and others on the Democratic side have been using these models for half a dozen years or more and we know they can make our efforts much more efficient; expand our GOTV and persuasion universes; and provide message guidance. So when races are otherwise marginal, the lift models provide can make all the difference between winning and losing. But no model is going to turn what would otherwise be a 5-point loss into a victory.
But didn’t the GOP prove its efforts were much more effective than the Democrats’ in 2004? No. Check the data. In Ohio’s base Democratic precincts turnout was 8.2 points higher than it had been in 2000. In base Republican precincts, turnout increased by a slightly lesser 6.1 points. Winning a state is not the same as doing a better job on turnout.
As important as turnout and GOTV efforts can be, the GOP needs to find something more to hold back this wave.
Well said. Readers would be well-advised to keep Mellman's analysis in mind as they read the press coverage leading up the election and get ready for what should be a very exciting and interesting election night.
—Ruy Teixeira 6:21 PM
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Interesting analysis. Thanks.
I haven't tried to analyze any data but have my own micro data set as measured on a political board where I post...Libertypost. I've seen scads (admittedly, a non-technical measurement) of posters doing their own version of "I voted republican in the past but will not vote for them because...")...then fill in the blank with spending/Iraq/immigration/whole list of things. I believe they're hemorrhaging voters and don't even know about it because none of these people, deemed reliable in the past, are calling in to update their disaffected status in the vaunted pubbie databases.
I'm looking forward to Tues night.
Posted by: Indie on November 1, 2006 at 11:51 PM | PERMALINK
Great info, Ruy... I've passed it on to my brother, a Poli Sci prof at a major university here in Michigan. He'll love the quantitative aspect especially.
The contest that's been totally mystifying to me is the Senate race in Connecticut.
Survey USA's most recent poll of presidential approval (10/17) has Bush's disapproval rating in Connecticut at 67%; there are only three other states in the Union with higher Bush disapproval ratings.
Given this number, how is it that Lieberman, a candidate who has made no secret of his support for Bush's policies on Iraq and other issues, and who is being openly supported by the White House and the national GOP, continues to lead Lamont in the polls by fairly hefty margins?
Put another way, how is it that substantial numbers of Connecticut voters can detest George Bush yet feel perfectly comfortable in voting for his single biggest Democratic supporter (some would say enabler)? In race after race across the country, we're being told that Bush is toxic for GOP candidates, and all your polling information indicates that the gains for the Dems in the House will be substantial.
How is it that Connecticut is so different? Or does the Lamont/Lieberman race indicate that dislike of Bush may not translate automatically to votes for Democratic candidates?
Posted by: bluestatedon on November 2, 2006 at 2:33 AM | PERMALINK
Lamont is a terrible candidate and campaigner. Say what you want about Holy Joe, he is experienced pol and has been for 40 years.
Posted by: bob on November 2, 2006 at 2:49 AM | PERMALINK
We can't call Lamont a bad campaigner after his primary win. He didn't just become stupid one day.
Lamont/Lieberman might just be the results of a teach the bum a lesson, not throw the bum out. Joe's willingness to run as an indie probably made it much easier for somebody to vote against him in the primary.
Lamont would have won easily if Liberman didn't enter the race, but there are plenty of times when the protest canidate takes out the "safe" incumbent only to lose in the general election.
Posted by: Dervin on November 2, 2006 at 4:09 AM | PERMALINK
i hope your analysis remains true,if it doesn`t under a bush rethug administration for the next 2 years laws may be passed that will eliminate your ability to post such info.peace
Posted by: kent roberts on November 2, 2006 at 4:21 AM | PERMALINK
bluestatedon: "The contest that's been totally mystifying to me is the Senate race in Connecticut."
As David Hannum (and not P.T. Barnum, as is commonly believed) once told a newspaper in 1869, "There's a sucker born every minute."
Apparently, a disproportionate number of them currently reside in Connecticut.
Posted by: Donald from Hawaii on November 2, 2006 at 5:21 AM | PERMALINK
Lieberman is the kind of guy you'd like to have a beer with.
Posted by: Lord Zoltar on November 2, 2006 at 6:14 AM | PERMALINK
A big chunk of Connecticut's economy depends
on Lieberman bringing home defense contracts.
Often if a member of congress is perceived
as being "good for the district" voters don't
really care where he stands on national issues.
Believe me, I'm from Curt Weldon's district
and we sent him back 11 times! Most of my
neighbors will vote for him even after seeing
the FBI raid his and his daughter's homes and
carry out boxes of documents! The sentiment
of "He was there for us, let's be there for him"
is very real in my district, and, I'll guess,
Connecticut.
Posted by: fileman on November 2, 2006 at 6:24 AM | PERMALINK
The idea that a gaffe by a Democratic politician or some Rovian stroke of "genius" is going to turn this election around for Republicans is preposterous. This is not a superificial shift in public perception, it is a fundamental one in American attitudes. The historical pendulum swing back toward the center is occurring as an increasing number of Americans believe they've been sold a bill of goods by the right wing and are seeking moderation. Whether it swings all the way to a liberal tilt remains to be seen (I doubt it, since the most prominent Democrats who seem destined to capture GOP-held seats are centrist), but the reign of the neocon movement is clearly over. For the Republican Party to remain viable in 2008 and beyond, it's going to have to restore its less radical conservative ideals and leadership and purge its extreme elements.
Posted by: MoCrash on November 2, 2006 at 7:22 AM | PERMALINK
John MacArthur's
A Pre-election Tour of Waterbury, Connecticut
http://www.commondreams.org/views06/1101-26.htm
helps reduce the mystery of Connecticut a bit.
E.g., in this post industrial-age,
"...Waterbury's leading employer has become Waterbury, which explains a lot about local politics. Jarjura told me the city employs 3,000 people -- after that come the two major hospitals at about 2,000 apiece.
Which makes Waterbury unhealthily reliant on the state and federal governments for survival, which in turn makes patronage politics central in deciding whom you back if you're the local party leader. Simply put, Jarjura believes that Lieberman, with 18 years in the Senate and lots of friends in the Bush White House, can deliver money to Waterbury faster and in bigger quantities than a freshman senator named Lamont, who owes Jarjura nothing. Indeed, the city is appealing the Federal Emergency Management Agency's denial of $2.75 million for flood-damaged roads (the city apparently tried to sneak in ordinary street repairs)."
Posted by: Arun on November 2, 2006 at 8:18 AM | PERMALINK
As a resident of CT (and a Lamont supporter), I don't think the published polls are accurately capturing this race. It is, and will be, much tighter than it looks by Election Day. My summary prediction of the outcome is that Lamont will win with 43%, Leiberman 42%, and Schlesinger will surprise with about 15-16% of the vote.
Posted by: Joe Scordato on November 2, 2006 at 8:32 AM | PERMALINK
Yeap, looking more and more like "lame duck" for Thanksgiving this year.
And who knows, maybe we'll have impeachment sauce by Christmas since Bush doesn't want to rid the war of Rummy.
Posted by: Cheryl on November 2, 2006 at 8:45 AM | PERMALINK
I am assuming that a lot of that GOTV effort by the GOP will reach some Republicans and many Independents who are very unhappy with the Republicans in office. So I think their 72 hour push to get people to vote may help motivate some of their target audience to get out and vote for Democrats.
I agree, that the GOP claims of superior "micro-targeting" are just more hype. If their methodology is as great as they claim I don't think I, nor so many other staunch Democrats that I know, would get the mailings and robo calls that we get from them.
Posted by: Sally on November 2, 2006 at 9:00 AM | PERMALINK
The hit on Lieberman, obviously, is the War and the Judas Kiss. But the fact is that he has done a remarkable job on some core Dem issues during his tenure, most notably on environmental issues (he worked tirelessly to protect the Arctic Refuge, for example).
This race is a weird one-- no doubt. But if Lamont loses, it is not representive of Dem fortunes... instead its a tribute to the voters of Conn. seeing beyond a 1-issue race and assessing their best interests. Democracy in action.
Posted by: Dustin on November 2, 2006 at 9:25 AM | PERMALINK
Does anyone know if Ruy Teixeira pronounces his name the full-on Portuguese way? I'm just curious.
Posted by: Dr. Anatole Gavage-Huskanoy on November 2, 2006 at 9:30 AM | PERMALINK
All this is true, if and only if, the votes are counted correctly. Worries about this are no longer just for fringe elements and paranoids. (See tonight's HBO documentary and discussions in almost any major computer magazine -- Ars Technica is particularly good.)
There are already reports of voting machines where people have tried to vote Democratic and the summary has shown them voting Republican.
So, vote, but if you can, demand a paper ballot. Check your summary sheets, or anything else that shows how you voted before you make it official. Answer exit polls, they are the best safeguard. And if the results in your precinct seem fishy, don't just grumble, yell like hell, and if there's a suit to demand a revote, join it.
And anything questionable call the paper, the tv station, any available news organization. (Even if it is conservative/Republican, it might stuill be honest. Lou Dobbs is hardly left wing -- and some of his positions sicken me -- but on this issue he has given the best coverage on tv.)
Posted by: Prup (aka Jim Benton) on November 2, 2006 at 9:45 AM | PERMALINK
And what about the Diebold factor?
Posted by: darwin on November 2, 2006 at 10:26 AM | PERMALINK
"the GOP needs something more to hold back the wave"
Yup. Sounds like this will be a good test case for how much Diebold can really do. Will they beat their 2004 probability? (1 in 180 billion chance that results were fair...) Will they achieve one in a trillion this time? Will the media again say, "Gee whiz. The exit polls were obviously all wrong / the GOP GOTV is miraculous / [or pick some other excuse]"?
Posted by: quixote on November 2, 2006 at 10:46 AM | PERMALINK
Perhaps Conn is actually pretty simple: the voters are motivated to vote against Republicans, but not necessarily to vote for Democrats. Since Lieberman will vote with the Democrats on organizing the Senate, a vote for him is not a vote for continued Republican control. Which suggests, since he is way ahead, that Republican control (combined with inept execution and control of the Republicans by the religious right), and not Republican policies per se, are what the voters object to.
Posted by: wj on November 2, 2006 at 10:55 AM | PERMALINK
Lieberman's likely win in Connecticut isn't so hard to figure. The Democratic Party offered no support for Lamont beyond expected lip service immediately following the primary. Where are the party stalwarts campaigning at Lamont's side? What kind of backing is being offered by Senate campaign coordinator Chuck Schumer? The answers speak for themselves. The polls have consistently shown Lieberman is drawing 35-37% percent of his support from Democratic voters. The party's leadership, such as it is, is responsible for that. The Dems may win the house and pick up seats in the Senate but at this date the party stands stand for nothing more than deserving to lose less than the Republicans.
dh
Posted by: david harris on November 2, 2006 at 11:15 AM | PERMALINK
And don't we start hitting some diminishing returns along the line here? Even if they do increase turnout, there's fewer and fewer new voters to reach...especially this year.
Posted by: lutton on November 2, 2006 at 11:17 AM | PERMALINK
So did bush apologize yet? (For the war not some verbal gaffe.)
Posted by: me on November 2, 2006 at 11:29 AM | PERMALINK
When the GOP retains control of the House and Senate next week, they will point to their super duper 72 hour push. The real reason will be election fraud, but the 72 hour push will be what the GOP and the media talks about ad nauseum. Months down the road, a few reports will surface about election fraud but will get little attention. Things will never change as long as e-voting system companies can keep the software source code a secret.
Posted by: Phil on November 2, 2006 at 12:34 PM | PERMALINK
I agree with Phil.
Anyone know what machines are in use in TN,VA, and MO?
Posted by: Steve Stein on November 2, 2006 at 1:12 PM | PERMALINK
I don't know about the whole state, but here in St. Louis, MO - in the city and county - there are two NEW types of voting machines. We have a choice between an electronic machine and an optical scan machine. I don't know which is 'better'. Better being less prone to rigging/manipulation/fraud. Anyone have a suggestion as to which type is more difficult to rig? I assumed the optical scan because then they have a physical copy of my vote that can be reviewed at a later date.
Posted by: Alex on November 2, 2006 at 1:30 PM | PERMALINK
Get over it...
None of these numbers matter as long as they count the votes.
Posted by: Brad on November 2, 2006 at 1:50 PM | PERMALINK
I am a Dem and I hope the Dems win big.
However, the GOP has always been overrepresented because of its phenomenal (by US standards) voter turnout. As yourself: do you know any Dems/Lefties who don't vote? Of course you do.
Now ask yourself: do you know a single Republican of voting age that doesn't vote. It might be a coincidence, but I do not know a single one, nor do any of friends. Do you?
Posted by: Chuck on November 2, 2006 at 2:21 PM | PERMALINK
Chuck's point is dead on - The GOP faithful are Soviet-like in their lockstep uniformity and dedication to voting for Republican candidates. They may be pedophiles or axe murderers, but the knuckle-draggers will slavishly vote for them....
Posted by: The Conservative Deflator on November 2, 2006 at 2:39 PM | PERMALINK
Alex, the key thing is whether the machine produces a paper record which *you* can verify is correct before it goes in a secure box.
If the electronic machine can do that, fine. If it can't, the optical scan is preferable.
Posted by: Robert Merkel on November 2, 2006 at 2:59 PM | PERMALINK
But let's never forget they cheat.
Posted by: vicki on November 2, 2006 at 3:26 PM | PERMALINK
Alex >"...I assumed the optical scan because then they have a physical copy of my vote that can be reviewed at a later date."
That and most (all ?) of the optical machines check the ballot as it is scanned in & will kick the ballot out for correction if it detects any "mistakes"
Go optical !
"America is great because she is good. If America ever ceases to be good, America will cease to be great." - Alexis de Tocqueville
Posted by: daCascadian on November 2, 2006 at 3:49 PM | PERMALINK
Yes, but Chuck forgets...
While many GOPs are very loyal and dependable, many NEVER POLLED and incredibly underrepresented young people vote Democratic. Yes, their participation is often lacking, but nonetheless, there's a whole TON of young college-aged voters who are never polled (cell phones!) but overwhelmingly vote to stem cells, gay marriage, and Dems in general...
Posted by: Punchy on November 2, 2006 at 4:06 PM | PERMALINK
All the GOP's spin about their awesome GOTV operation is really about laying the groundwork to explain voting results that contradict the polls. They are planning to diebold this election and they need to make it look like there is some other reason for all of those surprising victories on election night.
Mark my words, the GOP will keep both houses of congress and the election eve story will be all about how, against all odds, their awesome GOTV operation snatched victory from the jaws of defeat.
Posted by: expatjourno on November 2, 2006 at 4:23 PM | PERMALINK
Why did the GOP vote exceed pre-polling and exit polling stats in almost every swing state in 2004? Rove hypes the GOP GOTV in order to cover for his voting machine fraud. Dems better be working to win by at least 7% everywhere to cover the spread created by mechanical ballot manipulation. My prediction is that 15-20 races currently polling Dem will inexplicably go GOP because of higher turn-out than anyone predicted, with strange clusters of votes in certain geographic areas. Rove's "genius" is that he's got his thumb on the scales in a significant number of close races. The rest is hot air.
Posted by: Radio Head on November 2, 2006 at 5:36 PM | PERMALINK
Isn't Ruy the guy who was greatly embarassed in 04 after stating that polling showed Kerry was in control and things were clearly breaking Kerry's way at the end of the campaign?
Posted by: brian on November 2, 2006 at 6:23 PM | PERMALINK
What Mr. Teixeira completely ignores is the Diebold factor.
If you have millions of voting machines all over the country, whose source codes are very hackable, and whose vote count cannot be verified by paper ballots, you have an ideal situation for the GOP to steal this election just like they did in 2000 and 2004.
Its simple, just have a hacker alter the software, and instruct that computer to count every 10th vote for the Democrat as a vote for the Republican instead.
Is it really any wonder that the exit polling told us that Gore had won Florida and Kerry had won Ohio? Not when you think about it a bit.
Posted by: Steve Jones on November 2, 2006 at 7:56 PM | PERMALINK
"As important as turnout and GOTV efforts can be, the GOP needs to find something more to hold back this wave."
And of course, they are - but its not GOTV - its an operation best subscribed as STD (pun intended!) - Suppress the Democrats:
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2006/11/01/AR2006110103202_pf.html
Posted by: Thinker on November 2, 2006 at 11:27 PM | PERMALINK
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